Superconducting quantum computing records

Base Error Rate: The probability of an error occurring during a single quantum operation (typically 10⁻³ to 10⁻² for current hardware).
Effective Error Rate: The cumulative probability that your quantum computation produces an incorrect result.
Quantum Error Correction: Techniques using multiple physical qubits to create more reliable logical qubits. The surface code threshold is approximately 1.4%.

As of September 2025, the record two-qubit gate error rate on superconducting hardware is 0.000519 (September 2025) and the record physical qubit count is 1,121 (December 2023). On a log-linear fit of the 3-point record series, the error rate halves every ~1.8 years and the qubit count doubles every ~1.4 years, extrapolations of record data points, not predictions.

Two-qubit gate error rate: record history

Date	Error rate	Source
October 2012	0.0653	arxiv.org/abs/1210.7011
July 2019	0.0034	arxiv.org/abs/1907.02510
September 2025	0.000519	www.linkedin.com/posts/jay-gambetta-a274753a_ibmquantum-quantumcomputing-activity-7330779528195100672-1TCI/

Physical qubit count: record history

Date	Qubits	Source
February 2014	5	arxiv.org/abs/1402.4848
November 2014	9	arxiv.org/abs/1411.7403
May 2017	17	uk.newsroom.ibm.com/2017-05-17-IBM-Builds-Its-Most-Powerful-Universal-Quantum-Computing-Processors
March 2018	72	research.google/blog/a-preview-of-bristlecone-googles-new-quantum-processor/
November 2021	127	www.ibm.com/quantum/blog/127-qubit-quantum-processor-eagle
November 2022	433	newsroom.ibm.com/2022-11-09-IBM-Unveils-400-Qubit-Plus-Quantum-Processor-and-Next-Generation-IBM-Quantum-System-Two
December 2023	1,121	www.ibm.com/quantum/blog/quantum-roadmap-2033